This report is a comprehensive analysis of the toluene diisocyanate (TDI) industry. The analysis provides cost of production estimates for TDI and its precursor DNT as well as supporting cost estimates for auxiliary technologies. An overview of the carbon intensity of the value chain is presented as well as market estimates and an industry overview are also included to outline the commercial aspect of the industry.Find out more about TDI markets, see Related Reports below for more information.

Carbon fiber is a high-value product whose exceptional properties (lightweight and high strength) make it an increasingly sought-after material. Although carbon fibers can be manufactured from various precursors, over 98 percent of the global supply is currently made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with pitch being the next most common precursor. The cost of production via those two routes for plants located in the United States, Western Europe, Japan and China has been estimated for the first quarter of 2023. NexantECA also provided a high-level analysis of the business and strategic considerations and commented on the technology availability from the perspective of a company entering or expanding into the carbon fiber market. Global carbon fiber and carbon nanotube capacities are also detailed.

The purpose of this report is to analyze the developments the first and next generation bioethanol technologies. Production options explored several global regions and technologies covering fermentation route of the first-generation feedstock, hydrolysis and fermentation of the second-generation feedstock, and syngas fermentation from a technical, economic (cost of production model), carbon intensity, and capacity level. A discussion of implications for the conventional technologies is also included.

This BI report provides an overview of the biology, production routes, economics and applications of algae in the conventional energy industry.