The technoeconomics and carbon intensities related to biomass energy with carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS) and biomass carbon removal and storage (BiCRS) for different types of biomass is presented in this report. To achieve commitments by circa 2050, industries of different economic sectors require renewable energy and renewable feedstocks, as well as heat and power. Utilizing biomass, BECCS or BiCRS reduces the carbon emissions to net neutral or even net negative emissions. However, there are uncertainties of the impacts of using vast amounts of biomass for decarbonization. The amount of mitigated carbon captured (removed and/or sequestered) when using biomass is subjected due to various factors, such as indirect and direct land use change (ILUC/LUC), fertilizer usage, the resulting soil conditions. In addition, the impact varies for different types of biomass, crops or agricultural or plantation wastes. Taking these factors into account, the report assesses case studies and correlates the cost of production with the carbon intensities, with estimates of alternative biomass prices for both BECCS and BiCRS.

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the tire industry's shift towards sustainability, covering the background, objectives, and scope of sustainable practices in tire manufacturing, including the economics, carbon intensity, and environmental impacts of key materials and the exploration of sustainable alternatives. It covers green tire technology, examining bio-based rubber innovations, the application of nanotechnology, and sustainable material replacements, with a forward-looking perspective on future green tire technologies. Additionally, the report discusses recycling and end-of-life management for tires, emphasizing the significance of recycling, various recycling processes, and associated environmental, health, and safety considerations. The economic analysis explores the financial aspects of green tire production and recycling, including cost, pricing, and regional economic impacts. Environmental impacts and sustainability practices are scrutinized through Scope 1 and Scope 2 carbon intensity comparisons and sustainable manufacturing best practices. The report also identifies the interests of key stakeholders in the green tire industry, including manufacturers, suppliers, regulatory bodies, consumers, and environmental groups, underlining the comprehensive approach to fostering sustainability in tire manufacturing and usage.

This report assesses the conversion technology of renewable methanol to gasoline in terms of their technical, economic, and carbon intensity aspects, aligning with efforts of transitioning to more sustainable fuel to achieve net zero emission by 2050. Key production pathways covered at the cost of production level include gasoline derived from three renewable methanol sources (ie. biomethanol, MSW-based methanol and e-methanol). This report also presents a comparative analysis of the overall carbon intensity, considering scope 1 and scope 2 emissions in these production pathways.

The report begins by defining polyolefins, followed by an overview of production technology pertinent to polyolefins. It then highlights recent business advancements for each polymer grade, along with providing a list of technology licensors and developers. The report will then delve into a comprehensive analysis of four pivotal recycling technologies — mechanical recycling, solvent-based purification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal treatment — that are either under development or being commercialized for the recycling and valorization of polyolefin waste. The report will discuss the distinct features and implications of each recycling process. A cost of production process economics analysis will be provided for mechanical recycling, solvent-based purification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal liquefaction. Profiles of key active companies within each respective technology will be profiled to shed light on current industry players and their contributions to polyolefin recycling. A Carbon Intensity analysis will be carried out for mechanical recycling, solvent-based purification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal treatment across the United States, Western Europe, and China.