RNG (renewable natural gas) is a mostly methane stream that is most commonly derived from biogas produced by anaerobic digestion or from landfill gas (LFG) by removing impurities such as CO2, H2S, and water vapor to achieve a purity similar to pipeline fossil natural gas.  Other means of production include conventional catalytic methanation of waste CO2 with renewable hydrogen (made by water electrolysis with renewable electricity), and advanced electrochemical processes. RNG can be added to the natural gas pipeline, burned locally for heat and power, or fed to chemical synthesis.

The purpose of this report is to analyze developing technologies for the production of renewable surfactants.  Technical and economic aspects of producing renewable surfactants are explored in detail as.  Production capacity developments, drivers for development, and commercialization obstacles are also explored.

The purpose of this report is to analyze developing technologies for the production of renewable ammonia, through the production of renewable hydrogen.  Technical and economic aspects of producing renewable ammonia are explored in detail as.  Production capacity developments, drivers for development, and commercialization obstacles are also explored.

Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies and systems provide a major opportunity for better economic benefits and enhanced energy management.  This includes expected mismatches in supply and demand for cooling or heating requirements, thereby offsetting differences in time and magnitude of cooling or heating production.  TES can also jointly assist in harnessing and integrating “stranded” renewable power supply through possible co-location with distributed energy resources such as based on solar and wind energy.  This report provides an overview of the various developing and commercial TES technologies in the United States and includes a methodology for structuring the levelized cost of storage (LCOS).