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Results 1–10 of 658
Nov 2024
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Polymers and Plastics
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials

PTMEG/Spandex (2024 Program)

Polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG) is a key ingredient in the production of a variety of elastomeric urethane products and is a major component of spandex fibers. Minor applications are as the soft block in co-polyester and co-polyamide elastomers, and in a number of very small miscellaneous applications. PTMEG has few uses, even in small volumes, in applications where it is not a monomeric input to a polymeric species. Cost of production estimates for PTMEG and Spandex are included for the United States and China.
Nov 2024
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Polymers and Plastics
Oil, Gas and Refined Products
Renewable Chemicals and Energy

Processing Challenges of Renewable Feedstocks (2024 Program)

This report provides an overview of the challenges associated with the use of renewable feedstocks for producing biofuels, chemicals, and heat or power. These challenges are often related to the inherent properties of the feedstock, requiring pre-treatment before it can be used directly in existing processes. The necessary pre-treatment processes for converting the renewable feedstocks are discussed. The report also summarizes the technology readiness levels (TRL) of the renewable feedstocks and the corresponding cost of pre-treatment.
Oct 2024
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Polymers and Plastics
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials

Specialty LDPE Copolymers (2024 Program)

Ethylene copolymers, derived from the polymerization of ethylene and a comonomer (e.g., vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, acrylic acid, or methyl acrylate), extend the performance range of the broad class of high pressure polyethylene resins. The inclusion of a comonomer reduces the crystallinity of the copolymer, as well as its melting point, resulting in improved flexibility, impact strength, and heat sealing characteristics. This report discusses these various specialty LDPE copolymers and also includes cost of production estimates for EVA and other specialty copolymers for the United States and China regions.
Oct 2024
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Polymers and Plastics

Decarbonizing Portland Cement (2024 Program)

Public and private efforts for sustainability will soon result in fundamental changes to the production processes for cement. This study examines technology used to produce cement as well as of two carbon capture methods, MEA and Chemical Looping. The impact of carbon capture technology on the capital cost and carbon intensity of cement is examined.
Oct 2024
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Renewable Chemicals and Energy
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials

Green Steel (2024 Program)

The steel industry’s transition to low-carbon intensity production will total hundreds of billions of dollars in investment over the next few decades and will have far-reaching impacts on the costs, industry dynamics, and business opportunities in metallurgy. This report explores the steel industry’s path to net zero with a focus on manufacturing cost and carbon intensity of green reducing agents used with direct reduced iron technology, benchmarked against conventional alternatives.
Sep 2024
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C1 Chemicals and Fertilizers
Renewable Chemicals and Energy
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials

Ammonia (2024 Program)

The 2024 Ammonia TECH report explores the transformative potential of ammonia and how it is poised to revolutionize fertilizer, marine fuel, power generation, and hydrogen transport. The report includes discussion of the latest advancements in ammonia production technologies, from traditional methods to groundbreaking green and blue alternatives, and provides an in-depth look at the traditional Haber-Bosch process and emerging methods like electrolysis. Analysis of cost of production drivers and economic viability of various ammonia production routes, and examination of the carbon footprints associated with different ammonia production technologies is included. Insights into the latest innovations and future trends in ammonia production and applications are also discussed.
Sep 2024
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Polymers and Plastics
Petrochemicals

Polycarbonate (2024 Program)

Polycarbonate is an engineering thermoplastic used in a range of relatively high-value-added polymer applications. Polycarbonate is mostly produced via the interfacial, the non- phosgene melt and the phosgene melt routes. A small amount is also produced via the isosorbide route. Thus, the cost of productions via those four routes for plants located in the United States, Western Europe, South Korea, and China have been estimated for the first quarter of 2024 in this report. NexantECA also provided a high-level analysis of the business and strategic considerations as well as the technology availability from the perspective of a company entering or expanding into the polycarbonate market as well as global polycarbonate capacity.
Aug 2024
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Renewable Chemicals and Energy
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials
Petrochemicals

Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) (2024 Program)

The use of liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) is an alternative to transporting hydrogen without the need for pipeline infrastructure or hydrogen liquefaction. Instead, organic materials are hydrogenated at the hydrogen production source, transported to their destination, and dehydrogenated to release the hydrogen for use. The bulk transportation of organic liquids is commonplace, relatively low cost, and well established, thus simplifying the movement of hydrogen via LOHC. With the growing demand for green hydrogen to support decarbonization efforts worldwide, LOHC is emerging as a practical means of transporting hydrogen from production sites to consumption sites. This report provides an overview of LOHC technologies. The report also includes a technology readiness level (TRL) summary of LOHC options, carbon intensity analysis, and discussion related to the cost of transporting hydrogen for various LOHC types. Comparisons with other hydrogen transportation options such as liquefied hydrogen and ammonia are also presented.
Aug 2024
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Oil, Gas and Refined Products

Gas Flaring Alternatives (2024 Program)

The report provides a comprehensive review of the technology landscape for flare gas utilization, covering major licensors and emerging technologies. The economic analyses cover production cost estimates for gas-to-liquids (GTL), gas-to-LNG, and gas-to-CNG technologies. Given the case-specific nature of the economic viability of gas flaring alternatives, key assumptions are detailed with each technology assessed against the same associated gas feeds (wet and dry). The report discusses the key factors influencing the economic viability of the different utilization routes. Additionally, it includes extensive discussion on flaring regulation and drivers in the key emitting regions as defined by the World Bank’s global gas flaring tracker report 2024.
Aug 2024
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Renewable Chemicals and Energy

Urea (2024 Program)

​​Urea is the most used and traded fertilizer in the world; its demand is heavily driven by the fertilizer and food production industries as urea is used in many parts of the world as the primary source of nitrogen for crop nutrition. This techno-economic report reviews the chemistry, properties, technology, and development trends of urea. The report provides urea economics for several different global locations (USGC, China, Western Europe, and Middle East) under a consistent first quarter 2024 price scenario. ​

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