This report is techno-economic analysis of available technologies for the production of pipeline quality renewable natural gas. Major technologies covered at the cost of production level include biogas upgrading (via anaerobic digestion or landfill gas collection), SNG, CO2 reforming, and microbial electrosynthesis. Carbon intensity of these routes is compared and capacity maps for key regions are also included.

This report is an extensive techno-economic overview of available renewable ammonia technologies in the context of the radical decarbonization required for the ammonia industry to reach COP25 goals. Major technologies are covered in a modular fashion including hydrogen provision, ammonia conversion, nitrogen capture, and carbon capture and sequestration. The report benchmarks blue ammonia against green ammonia ventures in terms of carbon intensity and economic competitiveness. Blue ammonia models cover ATR and SMR routes in detail, including flue gas capture and including potential sensitivities of costs for geological sequestration dependent on distance, injection well depth, and terrain. Green ammonia models cover both full-rate production and evaluate claims of cost competitiveness under intermittent production against a wide variety of plant-gate ammonia pricing and electricity pricing scenarios using an innovative probabilistic methodology.

This report investigates the various developments in Green Solvents, and profiles and provides an index (NESSI – NexantECA Solvent Sustainability Index) of major solvents. Analysis on recent industry trends and developments are also provided.

This report examines the various options for carbohydrate feedstocks. Technology analysis includes crop production and sugar production from carbohydrate crops. Economic Analysis includes cost of production models for sugars (4 corn dextrose models, 3 sugar beet sucrose models, and 4 sugarcane sucrose models in each region as regionally relevant) and crops in the US (2 corn models, sugarbeet, sugarcane), Western Europe (wheat, corn, sugarbeet), Brazil (2 corn models, 2 sugarcane models), Asia (2 corn models in China, and Sugarcane in India). A regional supply analysis is also included. Expected contract pricing for sugars and utilizable intermediates (e.g., thick juice) is also provided.