The automobile industry has seen increasingly stringent regulations to mitigate emissions from the use of gasoline in internal combustion engines, with limits to sulfur content and minimum required research octane numbers. Alkylates adheres to these regulations since it is a low-sulfur content, high-octane component for gasoline. Alkylates are primarily produced using liquid acid catalysts that pose environmental, health and safety risks. Alternative acid catalysts such as ionic liquid and solid acid have been commercialized or are under development to reduce these risks. This report discusses alternative acid alkylation technologies and compares the process economics with conventional liquid acid alkylation technologies.