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Results 21–30 of 667
Aug 2024
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Renewable Energy and Chemicals
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials
Petrochemicals

Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) (2024 Program)

The use of liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) is an alternative to transporting hydrogen without the need for pipeline infrastructure or hydrogen liquefaction. Instead, organic materials are hydrogenated at the hydrogen production source, transported to their destination, and dehydrogenated to release the hydrogen for use. The bulk transportation of organic liquids is commonplace, relatively low cost, and well established, thus simplifying the movement of hydrogen via LOHC. With the growing demand for green hydrogen to support decarbonization efforts worldwide, LOHC is emerging as a practical means of transporting hydrogen from production sites to consumption sites. This report provides an overview of LOHC technologies. The report also includes a technology readiness level (TRL) summary of LOHC options, carbon intensity analysis, and discussion related to the cost of transporting hydrogen for various LOHC types. Comparisons with other hydrogen transportation options such as liquefied hydrogen and ammonia are also presented.
Aug 2024
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Oil, Gas and Refined Products

Gas Flaring Alternatives (2024 Program)

The report provides a comprehensive review of the technology landscape for flare gas utilization, covering major licensors and emerging technologies. The economic analyses cover production cost estimates for gas-to-liquids (GTL), gas-to-LNG, and gas-to-CNG technologies. Given the case-specific nature of the economic viability of gas flaring alternatives, key assumptions are detailed with each technology assessed against the same associated gas feeds (wet and dry). The report discusses the key factors influencing the economic viability of the different utilization routes. Additionally, it includes extensive discussion on flaring regulation and drivers in the key emitting regions as defined by the World Bank’s global gas flaring tracker report 2024.
Aug 2024
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Renewable Energy and Chemicals

Urea (2024 Program)

​​Urea is the most used and traded fertilizer in the world; its demand is heavily driven by the fertilizer and food production industries as urea is used in many parts of the world as the primary source of nitrogen for crop nutrition. This techno-economic report reviews the chemistry, properties, technology, and development trends of urea. The report provides urea economics for several different global locations (USGC, China, Western Europe, and Middle East) under a consistent first quarter 2024 price scenario. ​
Jul 2024
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C1 Chemicals and Fertilizers
Specialty Chemicals and Advanced Materials

Hydrogen Peroxide (2024 Program)

Hydrogen peroxide is one of the most powerful oxidizing agents known. Current capacity is almost exclusively based on the anthraquinone auto-oxidation process. However, R&D developments are focused on progressing a direct synthesis process (i.e., without the use of an anthraquinone working compound). In this report, NexantECA discusses the motivations behind the recent capacity additions and provides a high-level analysis of the business and strategic considerations including technology availability from the perspective of a company entering or expanding into the hydrogen peroxide market. Process economics are provided for production facilities located in the United States, Western Europe, Middle East, and China. This analysis is underpinned by a review of end-use sector consumption and global capacity. Additionally, this report examines the carbon intensity of the main production routes.
Jul 2024
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Polymers and Plastics

Linear Alpha Olefins (2024 Program)

This report provides an overview of commercial and developing technologies for linear alpha olefins exploring the chemistry and process technology. Comparative economics and carbon intensities are presented for full-range technologies (Chevron Phillips, INEOS, Shell, ExxonMobil, SABIC/Linde, Axens, Idemitsu) and on-purpose production of butene-1 (Axens, Zeon), hexene-1 (Chevron Phillips, Axens, Sasol), and octene-1 (Dow, Sasol). A regional capacity overview is also included, with a breakdown by company in each region.
Jun 2024
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Petrochemicals

Acrylic Acid and Esters (2024 Program)

This techno-economic report reviews the chemistry, properties, technology, and development trends of acrylic acid and esters. The report provides crude and glacial acrylic acid and commodity acrylates economics for several different global locations under a consistent first quarter 2024 price scenario. Analysis of emerging sustainable technologies, carbon intensity, and regional capacities are also included.
May 2024
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Polymers and Plastics
Oil, Gas and Refined Products
Petrochemicals

Xylenes (2024 Program)

This report provides an overview of commercial and developing technologies for xylenes production and includes process economic comparisons and carbon intensity analyses for production routes to para-xylene and meta-xylene. Discussion of commercial end-use applications and a global capacity list by producer are also included.
Dec 2023
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Polymers and Plastics

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (2023 Program)

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a polyethylene with a molecular weight range of two to six million, compared with 300 000 to 500 000 for high density polyethylene. UHMWPE is a specialty polymer with performance that exceeds many types of polymers and steel, and as such is found in an increasing number of applications. This report covers the manufacturing process and fabrication methods to make UHMWPE products, as well as the cost of production for UHMWPE fabrication in different regions.
Dec 2023
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Polymers and Plastics

Sustainable Materials For Chemical Construction (2023 Program)

Public and private efforts for sustainability will soon result in fundamental changes to the production processes for materials used in construction of chemical and fuel plants, representing a gradual shift from major historical capital cost structures. This study examines the underlying materials associated with capital cost in the chemical and fuels industries and the coming effects of low-CI production methods on their costs, focusing on key materials such as steel, aluminum and concrete as well as other key factors for capital cost.
Dec 2023
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Polymers and Plastics
Renewable Energy and Chemicals
Petrochemicals

Recycling Options for Polyolefins (2023 Program)

The report begins by defining polyolefins, followed by an overview of production technology pertinent to polyolefins. It then highlights recent business advancements for each polymer grade, along with providing a list of technology licensors and developers. The report will then delve into a comprehensive analysis of four pivotal recycling technologies — mechanical recycling, solvent-based purification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal treatment — that are either under development or being commercialized for the recycling and valorization of polyolefin waste. The report will discuss the distinct features and implications of each recycling process. A cost of production process economics analysis will be provided for mechanical recycling, solvent-based purification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal liquefaction. Profiles of key active companies within each respective technology will be profiled to shed light on current industry players and their contributions to polyolefin recycling. A Carbon Intensity analysis will be carried out for mechanical recycling, solvent-based purification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal treatment across the United States, Western Europe, and China.

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